The Daily Struggle
Abstract
Objective: The purpose of this study is to show the unique experiences of four Muslim professionals in the mental health and psychology fields and their experiences with microaggressions and the effect it has on mental and physical health.
Methods: Semi-structured in-depth interviews were conducted with four participants in order to provide insight into each individual experience. A brief look at Islamophobia in the west in order to provide social and political context.
Results and Conclusion: The four participants spoke of their exposure to uncomfortable and at times offensive occurrences having experienced all three forms of microaggressions: microinsults, microassaults, and microinvalidations. These incidents have resulted in the interviewees feeling a sense of isolation and frustration as well as anxiety and becoming physically sick. The four participants shared similar thoughts on uncertainty and being uncomfortable with how they handled a situation, struggles with articulating what has happened to them, and processing their thoughts and feelings. The study also mentions participants acquiring support from friends and family, having a good supervisor, being empowered by their faith, being mindful and engaging in meditation. These findings are important for expanding research and ultimately informing institutions and organizations on how to set the stage for inclusive policies and efficient outreach.
References
Acevedo, G. A., & Chaudhary, A. R. (2015). Religion, Cultural Clash, and Muslim American Attitudes About Politically Motivated Violence. Journal for The Scientific Study of Religion, 54(2), 242-260.
Ali, S. R., Yamada, T., & Mahmood, A. (2005). Relationships of the Practice of Hijab, Workplace Discrimination, Social Class, Job Stress, and Job Satisfaction Among Muslim American Women. Journal Of Unemployment Counseling, 52(4), 146-157.
Davis, D.E., DeBlaere, C. Brubaker, K., Owen, J., Jordan, T. A., Hook, J. N., & Van Tongeren, D. R. (2016). Microaggressions and Perceptions of Cultural Humility in Counseling. Journal Of Counseling & Development, 94(4), 483-493.
Edwards, J. F. (2017). Color-blind Racial Attitudes: Microaggressions in the Context of Racism and White Privilege. Administrative Issues Journal: Education, Practice & Research, 7(1), 5-18.
Ferdinand, A. S., Paradies, Y., & Kelaher, M. (2015). Mental Health Impacts of Racial Discrimination in Australian Culturally and Linguistically Diverse Communities: A Cross-sectional Survey. BMC Public Health, 15(1), 1-14.
Hunn, V., Harley, D., Elliott, W., & Canfield, J. P. (2015). Microaggressions and the Mitigation of Psychological Harm: Four Social Workers’ Exposition for Care of Clients, Students, and Faculty Who Suffer ‘A Thousand Little Cuts’. Journal Of Pan African Studies, 7(9), 41-54.
Hussain, F. (2009). The Mental Health of Muslims in Britain: Relevant Therapeutic Concepts. International Journal OF Mental Health, 38(2), 21-36.
Nadal, K. L., Griffin, K. E., Wong, Y., Hamit, S., & Rasmus, M. (2014). The Impact of Racial Microaggressions on Mental Health: Counseling Implications for Clients of Color. Journal Of Counseling & Development, 92(1), 57-66.
Robinson-Wood, T., Balogun-Mwangi, O., Fernandez, C., Popat-Jain, A., Boadi, N., Atushi, M., & Xiaolu, Z. (2015). Worse than Blatant Racism: A Phenomenological Investigation of Microaggressions Among Black Women. Journal Of Ethnographic & Qualitative Research, 9(3), 221-236.
Schoulte, J. C., Schultz, J.M., & Altmaier, E. M. (2011). Forgiveness in Response to Cultural Microaggressions. Counseling Psychology Quarterly, 24(4), 291-300.
Wallace, S., Nazroo, J., & Becares, L. (2016). Cumulative Effect of Racial Discrimination on the Mental Health of Ethnic Minorities in the United Kingdom. American Journal Of Public Health, 106(7), 1294-1300.
Westfall, A., Welborne, B., Tobin, S., & Russell, O. C. (2016). The Complexity of Covering: The Religious, Social, and Political Dynamics of Islamic Practice in the United States. Social Science Quarterly (Wiley-Blackwell), 97(3), 771-790.