Political Marxism and Eurocentric theorisation of capitalism
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.30722/Keywords:
political Marxism, Eurocentrism, Ellen Meiksins WoodAbstract
This essay argues that Ellen Wood’s work and the framework of Political Marxism (PM) challenge and subvert some forms of Eurocentric inquiry while nonetheless reproducing a narrow Eurocentric conception of capitalism that fails to integrate the history and agency of non-European peoples. This essay will begin by outlining conceptions of the relationship between Eurocentrism and capitalism. This will be followed by an elaboration of PM’s conception of capitalism and an evaluation of Wood’s defence against charges of Eurocentrism. An unaddressed Eurocentric dimension of PM will then be critiqued. That is a problematic conception of the relationship between the economic and the extra-economic in capitalism that obscures the imbrication of a wide range of extra-economic forms of rule, exploitation, and oppression as well as non-western agency from its account of capitalism. This essay will then conclude with avenues toward a specific but anti-Eurocentric understanding of capitalism.
References
Amin, Samir, Eurocentrism: Modernity, Religion and Democracy, or, A Critique of Eurocentrism and Culturalism, trans. Russell Moore and James Membrez (1989; repr. New York: Monthly Review, 2009).
Anievas, Alexander, and Nişancıoğlu, Kerem, How the West Came to Rule: The Geopolitical Origins of Capitalism (Pluto Press, 2015). doi: 10.2307/j.ctt183pb6f.
Banaji, Jairus, Retotalising Capitalism: A Very Short Introduction to its History, Guest Lecture, University College London, 30 Jan. 2025 (London: Historical Materialism, 2025), https://www.historicalmaterialism.org/article/retotalising-capitalism-a-very-short-introduction-to-its-history.
Brenner, Robert, ‘Agrarian class structure and economic development in pre-industrial Europe’, Past & Present, 70 (Feb. 1976), 30–75. doi: 10.1093/past/70.1.30.
Brenner, Robert, ‘Property relations and the growth of agricultural productivity in late medieval and early modern Europe’, in Amit Bhaduri and Rune Skarstein (eds.), Economic Development and Agricultural Productivity (Elgar, 1997), 9–44. doi: 10.4337/9781035306022.00009.
Cain, P. J., and Hopkins, A. G., British Imperialism 1688–2000 (3rd edn., London: Routledge, 2016). doi: 10.4324/9781315837321.
Callinicos, Alex, ‘The limits of “Political Marxism”’, New Left Review, I/184 (Nov.–Dec. 1990), 110–5.
Chatterjee, Partha, The Nation and Its Fragments: Colonial and Postcolonial Histories (Princeton UP, 1993). doi: 10.1515/9780691201429.
Dufour, Frédérick Guilhaume, and Rioux, Sébastien, ‘La sociologie historique de la théorie des relations sociales de propriété’ [Historical sociology of social property relations theory], Actuel Marx, 43 (2008).
Duzgun, Eren, ‘Against Eurocentric anti-Eurocentrism: International relations, historical sociology and Political Marxism’, Journal of International Relations and Development, 23/2 (June 2020), 285–307. doi: 10.1057/s41268-018-0146-0.
Federici, Silvia, Caliban and the Witch: Women, the Body and Primitive Accumulation (2014; repr. London: Penguin, 2021).
Hall, Stuart, ‘Race, articulation, and societies structured in dominance’, in id., Essential Essays, i, ed. David Morley (Durham, NC: Duke UP, 2019) (originally pub. 1980).
Hobsbawm, Eric, The Age of Revolution: Europe 1789–1848 (London: Abacus, 1977).
Makki, Fouad, ‘The empire of capital and the remaking of centre–periphery relations’, Third World Quarterly, 25/1 (2004), 149–68. doi: 10.1080/0143659042000185381.Marx, Karl, Capital: A Critique of Political Economy, trans. Ben Fowkes and David Fernbach (London: Pelican, 1976–81; repr. London: Penguin, 1990).
Marx, Karl, and Engels, Friedrich, The Communist Manifesto, trans. Samuel Moore (Penguin, 2010) (originally pub. 1888).
Rioux, Sébastien, ‘Embodied contradictions: Capitalism, social reproduction and body formation’, Women’s Studies International Forum, 48 (Jan.–Feb. 2015), 194–202. doi: 10.1016/j.wsif.2014.03.008.
Rioux, Sébastien, ‘The fiction of economic coercion: Political Marxism and the separation of theory and history’, Historical Materialism, 21/4 (2013), 92–128.
Schumpeter, Joseph, ‘The Sociology of Imperialisms’, in id., Imperialism [and] Social Classes: Two Essays, trans. Heinz Norden (New York: Meridian, 1955) (originally pub. 1951), 3–98 [Ger. orig., ‘Zur Soziologie der Imperialismen’, Archiv für Sozialwissenshaft und Sozialpolitik, 46 (1919), 275–310].
Tansel, Cemal Burak, ‘Deafening silence?: Marxism, international historical sociology and the spectre of Eurocentrism’, European Journal of International Relations, 21/1 (Mar. 2015), 76–100.
Toohey, Brian, Secret: The Making of Australia’s Security State (Melbourne UP, 2019).
Tzouvala, Ntina, ‘The specter of Eurocentrism in international legal history’, Yale Journal of Law & the Humanities, 31/2 (2021), 413–34.
Wood, Ellen Meiksins, Democracy Against Capitalism: Renewing Historical Materialism (Verso, 2016).
Wood, Ellen Meiksins, Empire of Capital (London: Verso, 2003).
Wood, Ellen Meiksins, ‘Eurocentric anti-Eurocentrism’, Against The Current, 14/2 (June 2001), 29, https://againstthecurrent.org/atc092/p993/.
Wood, Ellen Meiksins, The Origin of Capitalism: A Longer View (Monthly Review, 1999; rev. repr., London: Verso, 2017).
Wood, Ellen Meiksins, The Pristine Culture of Capitalism: A Historical Essay on Old Regimes and Modern States (London: Verso, 1991; repr. 2015).
Wood, Ellen Meiksins, ‘The separation of the economic and the political in capitalism’, New Left Review, I/127 (May–June 1981), 66–95.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Machaon Smeaton

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.